Career Leveling

Career level definitions using Impact × Autonomy dimensions

Career levels represent distinct stages of professional growth, defined primarily by Impact (the scope and significance of your work) and Autonomy(your independence in defining and solving problems).

Impact × Autonomy Matrix

The foundation of our leveling system is the two-dimensional Impact × Autonomy matrix. As you progress in your career:

  • Impact grows from individual tasks → team → organization → industry
  • Autonomy evolves from close supervision → independent work → strategic vision

Career Levels Framework

L1
Junior
Impact: Individual tasks with guidance
Autonomy: Works with close supervision and clear direction

Typical Roles

Junior Software Engineer
Associate Product Manager
Junior Designer

Key Expectations

  • Completes well-defined tasks with guidance
  • Asks questions and seeks clarification
  • Learns team processes and tools
  • Participates in code reviews and design critiques
L2
Mid-Level
Impact: Owns features or small projects
Autonomy: Works independently on defined problems

Typical Roles

Software Engineer
Product Manager
Designer

Key Expectations

  • Owns end-to-end feature delivery
  • Makes technical decisions within scope
  • Unblocks self through research and collaboration
  • Contributes to team planning and architecture discussions
L3
Senior
Impact: Owns significant projects or multiple features
Autonomy: Defines problems and proposes solutions

Typical Roles

Senior Software Engineer
Senior Product Manager
Senior Designer

Key Expectations

  • Drives complex multi-week projects independently
  • Mentors junior and mid-level engineers
  • Influences team technical direction
  • Identifies and solves ambiguous problems
L4
Staff
Impact: Influences team or multiple teams
Autonomy: Identifies strategic opportunities and risks

Typical Roles

Staff Engineer
Staff Product Manager
Staff Designer

Key Expectations

  • Drives multi-quarter, cross-team initiatives
  • Sets technical standards and best practices
  • Mentors senior engineers and future Staff candidates
  • Balances short-term delivery with long-term technical health
L5
Principal
Impact: Influences organization or product area
Autonomy: Defines multi-year strategy and vision

Typical Roles

Principal Engineer
Principal Product Manager
Principal Designer

Key Expectations

  • Defines multi-year technical or product roadmaps
  • Influences org-wide architecture and standards
  • Represents organization externally (conferences, open source)
  • Develops future Staff and Principal leaders
L6
Distinguished
Impact: Influences industry or multiple organizations
Autonomy: Shapes company-wide strategy and external ecosystem

Typical Roles

Distinguished Engineer
VP of Product
Chief Design Officer

Key Expectations

  • Drives company-wide strategic initiatives
  • Recognized industry expert and thought leader
  • Influences product/technology direction across entire company
  • Builds and nurtures Principal+ leadership pipeline

Topology Alignment

Different topology models may interpret these levels differently, particularly at Senior+ levels where IC, Manager, and Technical Leadership tracks diverge.

Y-Shaped (Dual Track)
IC and Manager tracks diverge at Senior level
L3
Senior: Decision point: Choose IC track or Manager track
L4
Staff: Staff IC or Engineering Manager—distinct tracks
L5
Principal: Principal IC or Senior EM/Director—parallel progression
L6
Distinguished: Distinguished IC or VP Engineering—equal seniority
W-Shaped (Tri-Track)
Adds hybrid Technical Leadership track
L3
Senior: Choose IC, Tech Lead, or Manager track
L4
Staff: Staff IC, Staff Tech Lead (hybrid), or EM
L5
Principal: Principal IC, Principal Architect (hybrid), or Director
L6
Distinguished: Distinguished IC, CTO/Distinguished Architect, or VP
Network Model
Fluid movement across skill dimensions
L3
Senior: Senior generalist with emerging specialty areas
L4
Staff: Staff-level expertise in 2-3 dimensions (e.g., technical + mentoring)
L5
Principal: Principal-level depth in primary dimension + breadth across others
L6
Distinguished: Distinguished across multiple dimensions with org-wide influence